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ELISA Detection for Influenza Virus Infection: Target Selection, Anti Inflammatory Research and Common Experimental Pitfalls
Introduction For seasonal influenza A and B viruses (IAV/IBV), the major harm often does not stem from direct virus-mediated cell death, but from excessive inflammation triggered by over-activated immune responses. ELISA assays are indispensable for influenza animal-model studies and clinical sam
2026-11-03
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TGF-β: Unique Features of a Core Regulator for Fibrosis, Tumor Immunity and Tissue Repair
It acts as a “repair switch” for tissue restoration, while functioning as a double edged sword in fibrosis and the tumor microenvironment. It is indispensable for immune homeostasis, organ remodeling and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-&bet
2026-10-08
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Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model
Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model 1. Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) may lead to loss of motor and sensory functions, and even death, bringing severe harm to patients. Multiple approaches are available to establish spinal cord injury models, including contusion, compression injury, traction dis
2026-10-15
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BCA Protein Quantification: Pre-treatment of Tissue and Cell Samples for ELISA Assays
For tissue and cell samples in ELISA experiments, homogenization pre treatment is required in advance. The brief operating procedures are described below: 1. Sample Homogenization Procedures 1.1 Tissue Homogenization Take an appropriate amount of tissue blocks, rinse them in pre-cooled PBS
2026-10-22
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UniProt Database User Guide: An Indispensable Bioinformatics Resource
UniProt Database User Guide: An Indispensable Bioinformatics Resource Introduction Proteins are the core functional molecules governing biological processes across life‑science research. As the world’s most authoritative and comprehensive database for protein sequences and functional ann
2026-09-18
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TARC (CCL17): A Core Chemokine for Th2‑Mediated Immune Response — A Star Biomarker for Allergy, Inflammation and Cancer Research
TARC (CCL17): A Core Chemokine for Th2‑Mediated Immune Response — A Star Biomarker for Allergy, Inflammation and Cancer Research Introduction In research on type‑2 immune‑associated diseases, TARC (CCL17, thymus‑ and activation‑regulated chemokine) represents a high‑profile core target w
2026-09-18
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IL‑6: The Indispensable Multifunctional Cytokine
Interleukin‑6 (IL‑6) is a multifunctional cytokine consisting of 184 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 21‑26 kDa, varying according to its glycosylation status. Produced by multiple cell types including T‑cells, B‑cells, macrophages, fibroblasts and endothelial cells upon stimuli
2026-08-20
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Mouse Renal Ischemia‑Reperfusion Injury Model
1. Background The renal ischemia‑reperfusion injury model simulates the physiological process in which blood flow is restored to the kidney after an ischemic episode. It serves as a vital experimental tool in medical research for exploring the mechanisms underlying kidney injury and repair. T
2026-08-06